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        <title>deviantART: by:Spctrghst</title>
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        <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 00:40:51 PST</pubDate>        
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                  <item>
                <title>Dont Open 12</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031935/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:55 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
            </item>
          <item>
                <title>Dont Open 11</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031933/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:49 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Dont Open 10</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031931/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:43 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Dont Open 9</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031929/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:38 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Dont Open 8</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031928/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:33 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
            </item>
          <item>
                <title>Dont Open 7</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031926/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:29 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Dont Open 6</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031925/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:25 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Dont Open 5</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031924/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:21 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Dont Open 4</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031921/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:18 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Dont Open 3</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031919/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:14 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Dont Open 2</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031918/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:10 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ <br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Supply, Demand, and Curves</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/18031916/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 26 Apr 2008 01:03:05 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ One of the most basic concepts in economics is that of supply and demand.  Simply put, at any given moment for any given thing, there is both a supply and a demand for it.  Supply is the quantity of the given good at a given time.  Demand is the amount that will be consumed of that good at a given time.<br /><br />For example, a unicorn would have 0 supply, and a demand of several million small children (and some grown women).  AOL disks, on the other hand, would have a supply of several million, and a demand of near 0.<br /><br />A supply curve is slightly different than simply supply.  A supply curve demonstrates the relationship of supply to the price of the good.  In general, as supply increases, so to does the price.<br /><br />A demand curve, likewise, demonstrates the relationship of demand to the price of the good.  In general, as demand quantity increases, the price decreases.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
            </item>
          <item>
                <title>Some Economics Stuff</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/17973503/</link>
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                <pubDate>Tue, 22 Apr 2008 09:56:02 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ In attempt to help illustrate some points, I provide the following:<br /><br />-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br />I. Explanations<br />II. Graphs<br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Quantity versus Price Graph <a href="http://spctrghst.deviantart.com/art/Beginning-Supply-Demand-Graph-83552005">[link]</a><br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Supply Curve <a href="http://spctrghst.deviantart.com/art/Supply-Curve-83552157">[link]</a><br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Demand Curve <a href="http://spctrghst.deviantart.com/art/Demand-Curve-83588508">[link]</a><br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Supply-Demand Graph <a href="http://spctrghst.deviantart.com/art/Supply-Demand-Graph-83588604">[link]</a><br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Equilibrium Point <a href="http://spctrghst.deviantart.com/art/Equilibrium-Point-83589036">[link]</a><br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Efficiency Graph <a href="http://spctrghst.deviantart.com/art/Efficiency-Line-83589185">[link]</a><br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Ineffective Price Ceiling<br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Effective Price Ceiling<br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Effective Price Floor<br /><img src="http://e.deviantart.com/emoticons/b/bulletblue.gif" width="10" height="10" alt=":bulletblue:" title="Bullet; Blue" /> Single Company Efficiency<br /><br />-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br />If there is anything that you would like to see explained, anything you would like added, or anything that doesn't make sense, please let me know.<br /><br />Also, if there is a title for it, it exists somewhere, I just have yet to upload it.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
            </item>
          <item>
                <title>FDR's Pearl Harbor Address</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11839959/</link>
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                <pubDate>Fri, 16 Feb 2007 08:43:23 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Yet another important moment in American history:<br />
<br />
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
To the Congress of the United States<br />
<br />
Yesterday, Dec. 7, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.<br />
<br />
The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with the government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.<br />
<br />
Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleagues delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.<br />
<br />
It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.<br />
<br />
The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. Very many American lives have been lost. In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.<br />
<br />
Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.<br />
<br />
Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.<br />
<br />
Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.<br />
<br />
Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.<br />
<br />
Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.<br />
<br />
This morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.<br />
<br />
Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.<br />
<br />
As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.<br />
<br />
Always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us.<br />
<br />
No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.<br />
<br />
I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again.<br />
<br />
Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.<br />
<br />
With confidence in our armed forces - with the unbounding determination of our people - we will gain the inevitable triumph - so help us God.<br />
<br />
I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, Dec. 7, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.<br />
<br />
--FDR, Dec. 8, 1941<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
Enjoy.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
            </item>
          <item>
                <title>Patrick Henry's "Give Me Liberty or Give Me D</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11775385/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sun, 11 Feb 2007 15:33:55 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Moving back to the American Rhetorical Tradition, Patrick Henry's "Give Me Liberty or Give me Death" speech:<br />
<br />
-------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
    No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the House. But different men often see the same subject in different lights; and, therefore, I hope that it will not be thought disrespectful to those gentlemen, if, entertaining as I do opinions of a character very opposite to theirs, I shall speak forth my sentiments freely and without reserve.<br />
<br />
    This is no time for ceremony. The question before the House is one of awful moment to this country. For my own part I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery; and in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate. It is only in this way that we can hope to arrive at truth, and fulfill the great responsibility which we hold to God and our country. Should I keep back my opinions at such a time, through fear of giving offense, I should consider myself as guilty of treason towards my country, and of an act of disloyalty towards the majesty of heaven, which I revere above all earthly kings.<br />
<br />
    Mr. President, it is natural to man to indulge in the illusions of hope. We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth, and listen to the song of that siren, till she transforms us into beasts. Is this the part of wise men, engaged in a great and arduous struggle for liberty? Are we disposed to be of the number of those who, having eyes, see not, and having ears, hear not, the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation?<br />
<br />
    For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I am willing to know the whole truth -- to know the worst and to provide for it. I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided; and that is the lamp of experience. I know of no way of judging of the future but by the past. And judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British ministry for the last ten years, to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the House?<br />
<br />
    Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received? Trust it not, sir; it will prove a snare to your feet. Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. Ask yourselves how this gracious reception of our petition comports with these warlike preparations which cover our waters and darken our land. Are fleets and armies necessary to a work of love and reconciliation? Have we shown ourselves so unwilling to be reconciled that force must be called in to win back our love? Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation -- the last arguments to which kings resort. I ask gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motives for it? Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies?<br />
<br />
    No, sir, she has none. They are meant for us; they can be meant for no other. They are sent over to bind and rivet upon us those chains which the British ministry have been so long forging. And what have we to oppose to them? Shall we try argument? Sir, we have been trying that for the last ten years. Have we anything new to offer on the subject? Nothing.<br />
<br />
    We have held the subject up in every light of which it is capable; but it has been all in vain. Shall we resort to entreaty and humble supplication? What terms shall we find which have not been already exhausted? Let us not, I beseech you, sir, deceive ourselves longer.<br />
<br />
    Sir, we have done everything that could be done to avert the storm which is now coming on. We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament.<br />
<br />
    Our petitions have been slighted; our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult; our supplications have been disregarded; and we have been spurned, with contempt, from the foot of the throne. In vain, after these things, may we indulge the fond hope of peace and reconciliation. There is no longer any room for hope.<br />
<br />
    If we wish to be free -- if we mean to preserve inviolate those inestimable privileges for which we have been so long contending -- if we mean not basely to abandon the noble struggle in which we have been so long engaged, and which we have pledged ourselves never to abandon until the glorious object of our contest shall be obtained, we must fight! I repeat it, sir, we must fight! An appeal to arms and to the God of Hosts is all that is left us!... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
            </item>
          <item>
                <title>Coleridge's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner&amp;</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11637070/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11637070/</guid>
                <pubDate>Wed, 31 Jan 2007 15:30:24 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Sticking with poetry, but for the moment switching to British poetry, here is Samuel Taylor Coleridge's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner."  Read aloud, it takes about 14 minutes.  However, it is a lot of fun to read aloud, so you should try it for the first couple of parts.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
PART ONE<br />
<br />
IT IS an ancient Mariner,<br />
And he stoppeth one of three.<br />
'By thy long grey beard and glittering eye,<br />
Now wherefore stopp'st thou me?<br />
<br />
The Bridegroom's doors are opened wide,<br />
And I am next of kin;<br />
The guests are met, the feast is set:<br />
May'st hear the merry din.'<br />
<br />
He holds him with his skinny hand,<br />
'There was a ship,' quoth he.<br />
'Hold off! unhand me, grey-beard loon!'<br />
Eftsoons his hand dropt he.<br />
<br />
He holds him with his glittering eye--<br />
The Wedding-Guest stood still,<br />
And listens like a three years' child:<br />
The Mariner hath his will.<br />
<br />
The Wedding-Guest sat on a stone:<br />
He cannot choose but hear;<br />
And thus spake on that ancient man,<br />
The bright-eyed Mariner.<br />
<br />
'The ship was cheered, the harbour cleared,<br />
Merrily did we drop<br />
Below the kirk, below the hill,<br />
Below the lighthouse top.<br />
<br />
The Sun came up upon the left,<br />
Out of the sea came he!<br />
And he shone bright, and on the right<br />
Went down into the sea.<br />
<br />
Higher and higher every day,<br />
Till over the mast at noon--'<br />
The Wedding-Guest here beat his breast,<br />
For he heard the loud bassoon.<br />
<br />
The bride hath paced into the hall,<br />
Red as a rose is she;<br />
Nodding their heads before her goes<br />
The merry minstrelsy.<br />
<br />
The Wedding-Guest he beat his breast,<br />
Yet he cannot choose but hear;<br />
And thus spake on that ancient man,<br />
The bright-eyed Mariner.<br />
<br />
And now the Storm-blast came, and he<br />
Was tyrannous and strong:<br />
He struck with his o'ertaking wings,<br />
And chased us south along.<br />
<br />
With sloping masts and dipping prow,<br />
As who pursued with yell and blow<br />
Still treads the shadow of his foe,<br />
And forward bends his head,<br />
The ship drove fast, loud roared the blast,<br />
And southward aye we fled.<br />
<br />
And now there came both mist and snow,<br />
And it grew wondrous cold:<br />
And ice, mast-high, came floating by,<br />
As green as emerald.<br />
<br />
And through the drifts the snowy clifts<br />
Did send a dismal sheen:<br />
Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken--<br />
The ice was all between.<br />
<br />
The ice was here, the ice was there,<br />
The ice was all around:<br />
It cracked and growled, and roared and howled,<br />
Like noises in a swound!<br />
<br />
At length did cross an Albatross,<br />
Thorough the fog it came;<br />
As if it had been a Christian soul,<br />
We hailed it in God's name.<br />
<br />
It ate the food it ne'er had eat,<br />
And round and round it flew.<br />
The ice did split with a thunder-fit;<br />
The helmsman steered us through!<br />
<br />
And a good south wind sprung up behind;<br />
The Albatross did follow,<br />
And every day, for food or play,<br />
Came to the mariners' hollo!<br />
<br />
In mist or cloud, on mast or shroud,<br />
It perched for vespers nine;<br />
Whiles all the night, through fog-smoke white,<br />
Glimmered the white Moon-shine.'<br />
<br />
'God save thee, ancient Mariner!<br />
From the fiends, that plague thee thus!--<br />
Why look'st thou so?'--'With my cross-bow<br />
I shot the Albatross.'<br />
<br />
PART TWO<br />
<br />
THE Sun now rose upon the right:<br />
Out of the sea came he,<br />
Still hid in mist, and on the left<br />
Went down into the sea.<br />
<br />
And the good south wind still blew behind,<br />
But no sweet bird did follow,<br />
Nor any day for food or play<br />
Came to the mariners' hollo!<br />
<br />
And I had done a hellish thing,<br />
And it would work 'em woe:<br />
For all averred, I had killed the bird<br />
That made the breeze to blow.<br />
Ah wretch! said they, the bird to slay,<br />
That made the breeze to blow!<br />
<br />
Nor dim nor red like God's own head,<br />
The glorious Sun uprist:<br />
Then all averred, I had killed the bird<br />
That brought the fog and mist.<br />
'Twas right, said they, such birds to slay,<br />
That bring the fog and mist.<br />
<br />
The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,<br />
The furrow followed free;<br />
We were the first that ever burst<br />
Into that silent sea.<br />
<br />
Down dropt the breeze, the sails dropt down,<br />
'Twas sad as sad could be;<br />
And we did speak only to break<br />
The silence of the sea!<br />
<br />
All in a hot and copper sky,<br />
The bloody Sun, at noon,<br />
Right up above the mast did stand,<br />
No bigger than the Moon.<br />
<br />
Day after day, day... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Maya Angelou's "Still I Rise"</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11614175/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11614175/</guid>
                <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jan 2007 16:49:22 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Switching now to the American Poetic Tradition, Maya Angelou's "Still I Rise":<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Still I Rise<br />
  	<br />
  	You may write me down in history<br />
With your bitter, twisted lies,<br />
You may trod me in the very dirt<br />
But still, like dust, I'll rise.<br />
<br />
Does my sassiness upset you?<br />
Why are you beset with gloom?<br />
'Cause I walk like I've got oil wells<br />
Pumping in my living room.<br />
<br />
Just like moons and like suns,<br />
With the certainty of tides,<br />
Just like hopes springing high,<br />
Still I'll rise.<br />
<br />
Did you want to see me broken?<br />
Bowed head and lowered eyes?<br />
Shoulders falling down like teardrops.<br />
Weakened by my soulful cries.<br />
<br />
Does my haughtiness offend you?<br />
Don't you take it awful hard<br />
'Cause I laugh like I've got gold mines<br />
Diggin' in my own back yard.<br />
<br />
You may shoot me with your words,<br />
You may cut me with your eyes,<br />
You may kill me with your hatefulness,<br />
But still, like air, I'll rise.<br />
<br />
Does my sexiness upset you?<br />
Does it come as a surprise<br />
That I dance like I've got diamonds<br />
At the meeting of my thighs?<br />
<br />
Out of the huts of history's shame<br />
I rise<br />
Up from a past that's rooted in pain<br />
I rise<br />
I'm a black ocean, leaping and wide,<br />
Welling and swelling I bear in the tide.<br />
Leaving behind nights of terror and fear<br />
I rise<br />
Into a daybreak that's wondrously clear<br />
I rise<br />
Bringing the gifts that my ancestors gave,<br />
I am the dream and the hope of the slave.<br />
I rise<br />
I rise<br />
I rise. <br />
<br />
-Maya Angelou<br />
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
I was lucky enough to hear Dr. Angelou recite her poem in person.  A wonderful experience.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Churchill's "Finest Hour"</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11568843/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11568843/</guid>
                <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jan 2007 19:04:30 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Switching for a moment from the American Rhetorical Tradition to the British Rhetorical Tradition, one of the hallmark speeches of World War II in Britain:<br />
<br />
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
I spoke the other day of the colossal military disaster which occurred when the French High Command failed to withdraw the northern Armies from Belgium at the moment when they knew that the French front was decisively broken at Sedan and on the Meuse. This delay entailed the loss of fifteen or sixteen French divisions and threw out of action for the critical period the whole of the British Expeditionary Force. Our Army and 120,000 French troops were indeed rescued by the British Navy from Dunkirk but only with the loss of their cannon, vehicles and modern equipment. This loss inevitably took some weeks to repair, and in the first two of those weeks the battle in France has been lost. When we consider the heroic resistance made by the French Army against heavy odds in this battle, the enormous losses inflicted upon the enemy and the evident exhaustion of the enemy, it may well be the thought that these 25 divisions of the best-trained and best-equipped troops might have turned the scale. However, General Weygand had to fight without them. Only three British divisions or their equivalent were able to stand in the line with their French comrades. They have suffered severely, but they have fought well. We sent every man we could to France as fast as we could re-equip and transport their formations.<br />
<br />
I am not reciting these facts for the purpose of recrimination. That I judge to be utterly futile and even harmful. We cannot afford it. I recite them in order to explain why it was we did not have, as we could have had, between twelve and fourteen British divisions fighting in the line in this great battle instead of only three. Now I put all this aside. I put it on the shelf, from which the historians, when they have time, will select their documents to tell their stories. We have to think of the future and not of the past. This also applies in a small way to our own affairs at home. There are many who would hold an inquest in the House of Commons on the conduct of the Governments--and of Parliaments, for they are in it, too--during the years which led up to this catastrophe. They seek to indict those who were responsible for the guidance of our affairs. This also would be a foolish and pernicious process. There are too many in it. Let each man search his conscience and search his speeches. I frequently search mine.<br />
<br />
Of this I am quite sure, that if we open a quarrel between the past and the present, we shall find that we have lost the future. Therefore, I cannot accept the drawing of any distinctions between members of the present Government. It was formed at a moment of crisis in order to unite all the Parties and all sections of opinion. It has received the almost unanimous support of both Houses of Parliament. Its members are going to stand together, and, subject to the authority of the House of Commons, we are going to govern the country and fight the war. It is absolutely necessary at a time like this that every Minister who tries each day to do his duty shall be respected; and their subordinates must know that their chiefs are not threatened men, men who are here today and gone tomorrow, but that their directions must be punctually and faithfully obeyed. Without this concentrated power we cannot face what lies before us. I should not think it would be very advantageous for the House to prolong this debate this afternoon under conditions of public stress. Many facts are not clear that will be clear in a short time. We are to have a secret session on Thursday, and I should think that would be a better opportunity for the many earnest expressions of opinion which members will desire to make and for the House to discuss vital matters without having everything read the next morning by our dangerous foes.<br />
<br />
The disastrous military events which have happened during the past fortnight have not come to me with any sense of surprise. Indeed, I indicated a fortnight ago as clearly as I could to the House that the worst possibilities were open; and I made it perfectly clear then that whatever happened in France would make no difference to the resolve of Britain and the British Empire to fight on, if necessary for years, if necessary alone.<br />
<br />
During the last few days we have successfully brought off the great majority of the troops we had on the line of communication in France; and seven-eighths of the troops we have sent to France since the beginning of the war--that is to say, about 350,000 out of 400,000 men--are safely back in this country. Others are still fighting with the French, and fighting with considerable success in their local encounters against the enemy. We have also brought back a great mass of stores... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Malcolm X's The Ballot or the Bullet</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11555112/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11555112/</guid>
                <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jan 2007 15:51:04 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ More in the American Rhetorical Tradition:<br />
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Mr. Moderator, Reverend Cleage, Brother Lomax, brothers and sisters, and friends -- and I see some enemies. In fact, I think wed be fooling ourselves if we had an audience this large and didnt realize that there were some enemies present.<br />
<br />
This afternoon we want to talk about "The ballot or the bullet." The ballot or the bullet explains itself. But before we get into it, since this is the year of the ballot or the bullet, I would like to clarify some things that refer to me personally -- concerning my own personal position.<br />
<br />
I'm still a Muslim. That is, my religion is still Islam. My religion is still Islam. I still credit Mr. Mohammed for what I know and what I am. He's the one who opened my eyes. At present, I'm the Minister of the newly founded Muslim Mosque, Incorporated, which has its offices in the Teresa Hotel, right in the heart of Harlem -- thats the black belt in New York city. And when we realize that Adam Clayton Powell is a Christian minister, hes the -- he heads Abyssinian Baptist Church, but at the same time, hes more famous for his political struggling.<br />
<br />
And Dr. King is a Christian Minister, in Atlanta -- from Atlanta Georgia -- or in Atlanta, Georgia, but hes become more famous for being involved in the civil rights struggle. Theres another in New York, Reverend Galamison -- I dont know if youve heard of him out here -- hes a Christian Minister from Brooklyn, but has become famous for his fight against a segregated school system in Brooklyn. Reverend Clee, right here, is a Christian Minister, here in Detroit. Hes the head of the Freedom Now Party. All of these are Christian Ministers -- All of these are Christian Ministers, but they dont come to us as Christian Ministers. They come to us as fighters in some other category.<br />
<br />
Im a Muslim minister. The same as they are Christian Ministers, Im a Muslim minister. And I dont believe in fighting today in any one front, but on all fronts. In fact, Im a "Black Nationalist Freedom Fighter." Islam is my religion, but I believe my religion is my personal business. It governs my personal life, my personal morals. And my religious philosophy is personal between me and the God in whom I believe; just as the religious philosophy of these others is between them and the God in whom they believe.<br />
<br />
And this is best this way. Were we to come out here discussing religion, wed have too many differences from the outstart and we could never get together. So today, though Islam is my religious philosophy, my political, economic, and social philosophy is Black Nationalism. You and I -- As I say, if we bring up religion well have differences; well have arguments; and well never be able to get together. But if we keep our religion at home, keep our religion in the closet, keep our religion between ourselves and our God, but when we come out here, we have a fight thats common to all of us against a [sic] enemy who is common to all of us.<br />
<br />
The political philosophy of Black Nationalism only means that the black man should control the politics and the politicians in his own community. The -- The time -- The time when white people can come in our community and get us to vote for them so that they can be our political leaders and tell us what to do and what not to do is long gone. By the same token, the time when that same white man, knowing that your eyes are too far open, can send another negro into the community and get you and me to support him so he can use him to lead us astray -- those days are long gone too.<br />
<br />
The political philosophy of Black Nationalism only means that if you and I are going to live in a Black community -- and thats where were going to live, 'cause as soon as you move into one of their -- soon as you move out of the Black community into their community, its mixed for a period of time, but theyre gone and youre right there all by yourself again. We must -- We must understand the politics of our community and we must know what politics is supposed to produce. We must know what part politics play in our lives. And until we become politically mature we will always be mislead, lead astray, or deceived or maneuvered into supporting someone politically who doesnt have the good of our community at heart. So the political philosophy of Black Nationalism only means that we will have to carry on a program, a political program, of re-education to open our people's eyes, make us become more politically conscious, politically mature, and then we will -- whenever we get ready to cast our ballot, that ballot will be -- will be cast for a man of the community who has the good of the community of heart.<br />
<br />
The economic philosophy of Black Nationalism only means that we should own and operate and control the... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Washington's Farewell Address</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11543483/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11543483/</guid>
                <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jan 2007 15:52:59 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ The first Presidential Farewell:<br />
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Friends and Fellow-Citizens:<br />
<br />
The period for a new election of a citizen to administer the Executive Government of the United States being not far distant, and the time actually arrived when your thoughts must be employed in designating the person who is to be clothed with that important trust, it appears to me proper, especially as it may conduce to a more distinct expression of the public voice, that I should now apprise you of the resolution I have formed to decline being considered among the number of those out of whom a choice is to be made....<br />
<br />
The impressions with which I first undertook the arduous trust were explained on the proper occasion. In the discharge of this trust I will only say that I have, with good intentions, contributed toward the organization and administration of the Government the best exertions of which a very fallible judgment was capable. Not unconscious in the outset of the inferiority of my qualifications, experience in my own eyes, perhaps still more in the eyes of others, has strengthened the motives to diffidence of myself; and every day the increasing weight of years admonishes me more and more that the shade of retirement is as necessary to me as it will be welcome. Satisfied that if any circumstances have given peculiar value to my services they were temporary, I have the consolation to believe that, while choice and prudence invite me to quit the political scene, patriotism does not forbid it....<br />
<br />
Here, perhaps, I ought to stop. But a solicitude for your welfare which can not end with my life, and the apprehension of danger natural to that solicitude, urge me on an occasion like the present to offer to your solemn contemplation and to recommend to your frequent review some sentiments which are the result of much reflection, of no inconsiderable observation, and which appear to me all important to permanency of your felicity as a people.... Interwoven as is the love of liberty with every ligament of your hearts, no recommendation of mine is necessary to fortify or confirm the attachment.<br />
<br />
The unity of government which constitutes you one people is also now dear to you. It is justly so, for it is a main pillar in the edifice of your real independence, the support of your tranquility at home, your peace abroad, of your safety, of your prosperity, of that very liberty which you so highly prize. But as it is easy to foresee that from different causes and from different quarters much pains will be taken, many artifices employed, to weaken in your minds the conviction of this truth, as this is the point in your political fortress against which the batteries of internal and external enemies will be most constantly and actively (though often covertly and insidiously) directed, it is of infinite moment that you should properly estimate the immense value of your national union to your collective and individual happiness; that you should cherish a cordial, habitual, and immovable attachment to it; accustoming yourselves to think and speak of it as of the palladium of your political safety and prosperity; watching for its preservation with jealous anxiety; discountenancing whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it can in any event be abandoned, and indignantly frowning upon the first dawning of every attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest or to enfeeble the sacred ties which now link together the various parts.<br />
<br />
For this you have every inducement of sympathy and interest. Citizens by birth or choice of a common country, that country has a right to concentrate your affections. The name of American, which belongs to you in your national capacity, must always exalt the just pride of patriotism more than any appellation derived from local discriminations. With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles. You have in a common cause fought and triumphed together. The independence and liberty you possess are the work of joint councils and joint efforts, of common dangers, sufferings, and successes.<br />
<br />
But these considerations, however powerfully they address themselves to your sensibility, are greatly outweighed by those which apply more immediately to your interest. Here every portion of our country finds the most commanding motives for carefully guarding and preserving the union of the whole.<br />
<br />
The North, in an unrestrained intercourse with the South, protected by the equal laws of a common government, finds in the productions of the latter great additional resources of maritime and commercial enterprise and precious materials of manufacturing industry. The South, in the same intercourse, benefiting by the same agency of the North, sees its agriculture grow and its commerce expand. Turning partly i... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Reagan's Evil Empire Speech</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11524155/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11524155/</guid>
                <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jan 2007 22:39:15 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ A fun speech in American Rhetorical History:<br />
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Those of you in the National Association of Evangelicals are known for you spiritual and humanitarian work. And I would be especially remiss if I didn't discharge right now one personal debt of gratitude. Thank you for your prayers. Nancy and I have felt their presence many times in many years. And believe me, for us they've made all the difference.<br />
<br />
The other day in the East Room of the White House at a meeting there, someone asked me whether I was aware of all the people out there who were praying for the President. And I had to say, "Yes, I am. I've felt it. I believe in intercessionary prayer." But I couldn't help but say to that questioner after he'd asked the question that - or at least say to them that if sometimes when he was praying he got a busy signal, it was just me in there ahead of him. I think I understand how Abraham Lincoln felt when he said, "I have been driven many times to my knees by the overwhelming conviction that I had nowhere else to go." From the joy and the good feeling of this conference, I go to a political reception. Now, I don't know why, but that bit of scheduling reminds me of a story - - which I'll share with you.<br />
<br />
An evangelical minister and a politician arrived at Heaven's gate one day together. And St. Peter, after doing all the necessary formalities, took them in hand to show them where their quarters would be. And he took them to a small, single room with a bed, a chair, and a table and said this was for the clergyman. And the politician was a little worried about what might be in store for him. And he couldn't believe it then when St. Peter stopped in front of a beautiful mansion with lovely grounds, many servants, and told him that these would be his quarters.<br />
<br />
And he couldn't help but ask, he said, "But wait, how-there's something wrong - how do I get this mansion while that good and holy man only gets a single room?" And St. Peter said, "You have to understand how things are up here. We've got thousands and thousands of clergy. You're the first politician who ever made it."<br />
<br />
But I don't want to contribute to a stereotype. So I tell you there are a great many God-fearing, dedicated, noble men and women in public life, present company included. And yes, we need your help to keep us ever mindful of the ideas and the principles that brought us into the public arena in the first place. The basis of those ideals and principles is a commitment to freedom and personal liberty that, itself, is grounded in the much deeper realization that freedom prospers only where the blessings of God are avidly sought and humbly accepted.<br />
<br />
The American experiment in democracy rests on this insight. Its discovery was the great triumph of our Founding Fathers, voiced by William Penn when he said: "If we will not be governed by God, we must be governed by tyrants." Explaining the inalienable rights of men, Jefferson said, "The God who gave us life, gave us liberty at the same time." And it was George Washington who said that "of all the disposition and habits which lead to political prosperity, religion and morality are indispensable supporters."<br />
<br />
And finally, that shrewdest of all observers of American democracy, Alexis de Tocqueville, put it eloquently after he had gone on a search for the secret of America's greatness and genius - and he said: "Not until I went into the churches of America and heard her pulpits aflame with righteousness did I understand the greatness and the genius of America . . . America is good. And if America ever ceases to be good, America will cease to be great."<br />
<br />
Well, I'm pleased to be here today with you who are keeping America great by keeping her good. Only through your work and prayers and those of millions of others cans we hope to survive this perilous century and keep alive this experiment in liberty, this last, best hope of man.<br />
<br />
I want you to know that this administration is motivated by a political philosophy that sees the greatness of America in you, here people, and in your families, churches, neighborhoods, communities - the institutions that foster and nourish values like concern for others and respect for the rule of law under God.<br />
<br />
Now, I don't have to tell you that this puts us in opposition to, or at least out of step with, a prevailing attitude of many who have turned to a modern-day secularism, discarding the tried and time-tested values upon which our very civilization is based. No matter how well intentioned, their value system is radically different from that of most Americans. And while they proclaim that they're freeing us from superstitions of the past, they've taken upon themselves the job of superintending us by government rule and regulation. Sometimes their voices are louder than ours, b... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Sinners in the Hands of Angry God</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11481668/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11481668/</guid>
                <pubDate>Thu, 18 Jan 2007 12:10:42 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Another great address in the American Rhetorical Tradition:<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
--Their foot shall slide in due time.-- Deuteronomy 32:35<br />
<br />
In this verse is threatened the vengeance of God on the wicked unbelieving Israelites, who were God's visible people, and who lived under the means of grace; but who, notwithstanding all God's wonderful works towards them, remained (as vers 28.) void of counsel, having no understanding in them. Under all the cultivations of heaven, they brought forth bitter and poisonous fruit; as in the two verses next preceding the text. -- The expression I have chosen for my text, their foot shall slide in due time, seems to imply the following things, relating to the punishment and destruction to which these wicked Israelites were exposed.<br />
<br />
   1. That they were always exposed to destruction; as one that stands or walks in slippery places is always exposed to fall. This is implied in the manner of their destruction coming upon them, being represented by their foot sliding. The same is expressed, Psalm 72:18. "Surely thou didst set them in slippery places; thou castedst them down into destruction."<br />
<br />
   2. It implies, that they were always exposed to sudden unexpected destruction. As he that walks in slippery places is every moment liable to fall, he cannot foresee one moment whether he shall stand or fall the next; and when he does fall, he falls at once without warning: Which is also expressed in Psalm 73:18,19. "Surely thou didst set them in slippery places; thou castedst them down into destruction: How are they brought into desolation as in a moment!"<br />
<br />
   3. Another thing implied is, that they are liable to fall of themselves, without being thrown down by the hand of another; as he that stands or walks on slippery ground needs nothing but his own weight to throw him down.<br />
<br />
   4. That the reason why they are not fallen already and do not fall now is only that God's appointed time is not come. For it is said, that when that due time, or appointed time comes, their foor shall slide. Then they shall be left to fall, as they are inclined by their own weight. God will not hold them up in these slippery places any longer, but will let them go; and then, at that very instant, they shall fall into destruction; as he that stands on such slippery declining ground, on the edge of a pit, he cannot stand alone, when he is let go he immediately falls and is lost. <br />
<br />
The observation from the words that I would now insist upon is this. -- "There is nothing that keeps wicked men at any one moment out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God." -- By the mere pleasure of God, I mean his sovereign pleasure, his arbitrary will, restrained by no obligation, hindered by no manner of difficulty, any more than if nothing else but God's mere will had in the least degree, or in any respect whatsoever, any hand in the preservation of wicked men one moment. -- The truth of this observation may appear by the following considerations.<br />
<br />
   1. There is no want of power in God to cast wicked men into hell at any moment. Men's hands cannot be strong when God rises up. The strongest have no power to resist him, nor can any deliver out of his hands. -- He is not only able to cast wicked men into hell, but he can most easily do it. Sometimes an earthly prince meets with a great deal of difficulty to subdue a rebel, who has found means to fortify himself, and has made himself strong by the numbers of his followers. But it is not so with God. There is no fortress that is any defence from the power of God. Though hand join in hand, and vast multitudes of God's enemies combine and associate themselves, they are easily broken in pieces. They are as great heaps of light chaff before the whirlwind; or large quantities of dry stubble before devouring flames. We find it easy to tread on and crush a worm that we see crawling on the earth; so it is easy for us to cut or singe a slender thread that any thing hangs by: thus easy is it for God, when he pleases, to cast his enemies down to hell. What are we, that we should think to stand before him, at whose rebuke the earth trembles, and before whom the rocks are thrown down?<br />
<br />
   2. They deserve to be cast into hell; so that divine justice never stands in the way, it makes no objection against God's using his power at any moment to destroy them. Yea, on the contrary, justice calls aloud for an infinite punishment of their sins. Divine justice says of the tree that brings forth such grapes of Sodom, "Cut it down, why cumbereth it the ground?" Luke 13:7. The sword of divine justice is every moment brandished over their heads, and it is nothing but the hand of arbitrary mercy, and God's mere will, that holds it back.<br />
<br />
   3. They are already under a sentence of condemnation to hell. They do not on... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Kennedy's Moon Speech</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11473926/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11473926/</guid>
                <pubDate>Wed, 17 Jan 2007 18:30:06 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Yet another great work of American Rhetorical Discourse - enjoy:<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
President Pitzer, Mr. Vice President, Governor, Congressman Thomas, Senator Wiley, and Congressman Miller, Mr. Webb, Mr. Bell, scientists, distinguished guests, and ladies and gentlemen:<br />
<br />
I appreciate your president having made me an honorary visiting professor, and I will assure you that my first lecture will be very brief.<br />
<br />
I am delighted to be here and I'm particularly delighted to be here on this occasion.<br />
<br />
We meet at a college noted for knowledge, in a city noted for progress, in a State noted for strength, and we stand in need of all all three, for we meet in an hour of change and challenge, in a decade of hope and fear, in an age of both knowledge and ignorance. The greater our knowledge increases, the greater our ignorance unfolds.<br />
<br />
Despite the striking fact that most of the scientists that the world has ever known are alive and working today, despite the fact that this Nation¹s own scientific manpower is doubling every 12 years in a rate of growth more than three times that of our population as a whole, despite that, the vast stretches of the unknown and the unanswered and the unfinished still far outstrip our collective comprehension.<br />
<br />
No man can fully grasp how far and how fast we have come, but condense, if you will, the 50,000 years of man¹s recorded history in a time span of but a half-century. Stated in these terms, we know very little about the first 40 years, except at the end of them advanced man had learned to use the skins of animals to cover them. Then about 10 years ago, under this standard, man emerged from his caves to construct other kinds of shelter. Only five years ago man learned to write and use a cart with wheels. Christianity began less than two years ago. The printing press came this year, and then less than two months ago, during this whole 50-year span of human history, the steam engine provided a new source of power.<br />
<br />
Newton explored the meaning of gravity. Last month electric lights and telephones and automobiles and airplanes became available. Only last week did we develop penicillin and television and nuclear power, and now if America's new spacecraft succeeds in reaching Venus, we will have literally reached the stars before midnight tonight.<br />
<br />
This is a breathtaking pace, and such a pace cannot help but create new ills as it dispels old, new ignorance, new problems, new dangers. Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward.<br />
<br />
So it is not surprising that some would have us stay where we are a little longer to rest, to wait. But this city of Houston, this State of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them. This country was conquered by those who moved forward--and so will space.<br />
<br />
William Bradford, speaking in 1630 of the founding of the Plymouth Bay Colony, said that all great and honorable actions are accompanied with great difficulties, and both must be enterprised and overcome with answerable courage.<br />
<br />
If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred. The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in the race for space.<br />
<br />
Those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolutions, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space. We mean to be a part of it--we mean to lead it. For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace. We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.<br />
<br />
Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first. In short, our leadership in science and in industry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.<br />
<br />
We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people. For space science, like nuclear... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Preamble to the Constitution of the United States</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11457158/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/11457158/</guid>
                <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jan 2007 07:54:33 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ The beginning of the highest law in the United States, beautiful for its simplicity.<br />
<br />
<br />
"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."<br />
<br />
<br />
It is a hell of a goal.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>The Bible and Art</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10743643/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10743643/</guid>
                <pubDate>Thu, 16 Nov 2006 10:13:42 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ It would be my recommendation to all people, atheist or not, to read through the Bible at least once (or the Torah, or the Koran).<br />
<br />
The Bible is one of the most heavily called upon literary works for art, for literature, and for rhetoric.  Even if you are an atheist, you can appreciate the language of the King James Version (or any of the old versions ... but none of the new versions).  It brings together images and words in such a way that has inspired people for over 1700 years.<br />
<br />
But just to be clear, this recommendation has nothing to do with faith.  Reading the Bible gives a clear understanding of how rhetoric can and should work.  It gives images of angels and messiahs (messages of hope) as well as demons and doom (messages of despair).  For whatever emotion you are trying to evoke, the Bible probably has a good starting place.<br />
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"I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth." (Revelations Chapter 6, Verse 8)<br />
<br />
Thats powerful language, regardless of your religious affiliation (or lack thereof.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>I Have a Dream</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10734253/</link>
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                <pubDate>Wed, 15 Nov 2006 13:14:23 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream Speech"<br />
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<br />
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.<br />
<br />
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.<br />
<br />
But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.<br />
<br />
In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.<br />
<br />
It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to cash this check  a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.<br />
<br />
It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.<br />
<br />
But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.<br />
<br />
We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.<br />
<br />
As we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied, as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like water... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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          <item>
                <title>Declaration of Independence</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10711027/</link>
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                <pubDate>Mon, 13 Nov 2006 11:19:52 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Continuing on my survey of great American rhetorical events: the Declaration of Independence.<br />
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<br />
hen in the Course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.<br />
<br />
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.  That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,  That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.  Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.<br />
<br />
He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.<br />
<br />
He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.<br />
<br />
He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.<br />
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He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.<br />
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He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.<br />
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He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected, whereby the Legislative Powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.<br />
<br />
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.<br />
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He has obstructed the Administration of Justice by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.<br />
<br />
He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.<br />
<br />
He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our people and eat out their substance.<br />
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He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.<br />
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He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil Power.<br />
<br />
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:<br />
<br />
For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:<br />
<br />
For protecting them, by a mock Trial from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:<br />
<br />
For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:<br />
<br />
For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:<br />
<br />
For depriving us in many cases, of the benefit of Tr... ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Lincoln's Second Inaugural</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10688924/</link>
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                <pubDate>Sat, 11 Nov 2006 10:41:57 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ This is considered one of the most masterful pieces of political rhetoric to have ever been spoken (it is also written in stone upon the right side (as you are facing Lincoln) of the interior of the Lincoln Monument in D.C.).<br />
<br />
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  AT this second appearing to take the oath of the Presidential office there is less occasion for an extended address than there was at the first. Then a statement somewhat in detail of a course to be pursued seemed fitting and proper. Now, at the expiration of four years, during which public declarations have been constantly called forth on every point and phase of the great contest which still absorbs the attention and engrosses the energies of the nation, little that is new could be presented. The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. With high hope for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured.	   <br />
  On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. All dreaded it, all sought to avert it. While the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving the Union without war, urgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without warseeking to dissolve the Union and divide effects by negotiation. Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came.	<br />
  One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Neither party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration which it has already attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease with or even before the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces, but let us judge not, that we be not judged. The prayers of both could not be answered. That of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes. "Woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must needs be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense cometh." If we shall suppose that American slavery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, shall we discern therein any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a living God always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet, if God wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said "the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether."<br />
  With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.<br />
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<br />
Its nice every once and a while to read a master rhetor's words.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Battle Hymn of the Republic</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10677617/</link>
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                <pubDate>Fri, 10 Nov 2006 08:56:25 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ Every once and a while, I am reminded of how incredible language can be when wielded correctly.<br />
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The following are the lyrics to the song "Battle Hymn of the Republic":<br />
<br />
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Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord;<br />
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;<br />
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword;<br />
His truth is marching on.<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! His truth is marching on.<br />
<br />
I have seen Him in the watch fires of a hundred circling camps<br />
They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and damps;<br />
I can read His righteous sentence by the dim and flaring lamps;<br />
His day is marching on.<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! His day is marching on.<br />
<br />
I have read a fiery Gospel writ in burnished rows of steel;<br />
As ye deal with My contemners, so with you My grace shall deal;<br />
Let the Hero, born of woman, crush the serpent with His heel,<br />
Since God is marching on.<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Since God is marching on.<br />
<br />
He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall never call retreat;<br />
He is sifting out the hearts of men before His judgment seat;<br />
Oh, be swift, my soul, to answer Him! be jubilant, my feet;<br />
Our God is marching on.<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Our God is marching on.<br />
<br />
In the beauty of the lilies Christ was born across the sea,<br />
With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me:<br />
As He died to make men holy, let us live to make men free;<br />
[originally let us die to make men free]<br />
While God is marching on.<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! While God is marching on.<br />
<br />
He is coming like the glory of the morning on the wave,<br />
He is wisdom to the mighty, He is honor to the brave;<br />
So the world shall be His footstool, and the soul of wrong His slave,<br />
Our God is marching on.<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!<br />
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Our God is marching on.<br />
<br />
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<br />
Now, if I were the enemy listening to these lyrics as the United States Army was on the move - I would be scared to death.<br />
<br />
Look at them again.  They basically say "Repent and Surrender, the Army of God is upon you.  Forsake your causes and beliefs, the wrath of the Lord is coming.  The power of the unmerciful, unrelenting, unceasing Almighty God himself is here, lose hope and surrender.  But surrender now, and we will give you hope."<br />
<br />
That's powerful stuff.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>For the Last Time: The US is a Republic</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10668676/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10668676/</guid>
                <pubDate>Thu, 09 Nov 2006 12:01:38 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ For the last time, the United States of America is a republic, NOT a democracy.<br />
<br />
The citizens of the United States vote representatives into the legislature that in turn act as our agents in enacting legislation.  While the ability to put a particular issue to the people is allowable, and even encouraged in some circumstances, for the most part, the United States has a representative system of government.<br />
<br />
To quote Madison in Federalist paper No. 43 The purpose of the constitution is "to guarantee to every State in the Union a republican form of government." <a href="http://www.foundingfathers.info/federalistpapers/fed43.htm">[link]</a><br />
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This concept is even embodied within the Pledge of Allegiance: "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the REPUBLIC for which it stands, one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all."<br />
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The phrase "to make the world safe for democracy" comes from President Woodrow Wilson's "War Message" speech in which he declared the United States entrance into World War I.  It is a good speech, and I recommend that everyone read it once to understand the context Wilson made his remark in.  <a href="http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1917/wilswarm.html">[link]</a><br />
<br />
So please, everyone, stop calling the United States a democracy.  The United States is a republic that uses democratic means by which to elect its representatives.<br />
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But its still the greatest nation to have ever graced the face of this planet. (And yes, thats my patriotism shining through).<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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                <title>Making a Decision</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/10659166/</link>
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                <pubDate>Wed, 08 Nov 2006 13:39:58 PST</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ The probability that you will make any decision 'x' is P(x) = B(x) - C(x) where P(x) is the probability of making decision 'x', B(x) is the total of the benefits received from 'x', C(x) is the total of the costs incurred by 'x', and where when P(x) > 0 the decision 'x' will be made, and where P(x) < 0, the decision 'x' will not be made.<br />
<br />
Whether this process is consciously or unconsciously engaged in, this is how decisions are made.<br />
<br />
Its actually amazing how many things you can apply this simple formula to by redefining B(x) and C(x), and weighting their individual components accordingly.<br />
<br />
Take voting:<br />
<br />
B(x) = say in the next leader of 'y' + complaining rights when your candidate does not get elected + your stake in the key campaign issues<br />
<br />
C(x) = time in line + time to get to the line + hassle of registering to vote<br />
<br />
P(x) = B(x) - C(x).  Is P(x) positive or negative?  Up to you.<br /><br /> ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
            </item>
          <item>
                <title>"The Media"</title>
                <link>http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/8650654/</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://Spctrghst.deviantart.com/journal/8650654/</guid>
                <pubDate>Tue, 02 May 2006 10:04:01 PDT</pubDate>
                
                <description><![CDATA[ I dislike when people refer to 'the Media.' It may be splitting hairs, but there is no such thing as 'the Media.' Media is the plural of medium, a means by which to transmit information. Therefore, you can have print media (journals, newspapers), television media (nightly news and cable news), or internet media (blogs, official sites, and such), but even then, those are incorrect.<br />
<br />
If media is a means of information transmission, then it does not have a will of its own. Therefore, 'the Media' cannot do anything. The people behind the media (print, television, and internet executives) are the ones with the viewpoints.<br />
<br />
The basic point here is lets stop referring to 'the Media' and start holding individuals accountable for their viewpoints. ]]></description>
                <author>~Spctrghst</author>
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